Seminar Kommunikation und Multimedia: Vehicular Networks (Bachelor)

Smart vehicles introduce new problematic privacy issues due to their data collection and traceability. On one hand, it should be difficult to track a vehicle's location to increase the driver's location privacy. On the other hand, in case of accidents or disputes, identifying a single vehicle is an intended property. To solve this paradox, pseudonymity schemes have been proposed.

In this seminar paper, a detailed literature research on this topic should be conducted. The current state of research should be summarized and presented.

• Pseudonym Schemes in Vehicular Networks: A Survey
• Copra: Conditional pseudonym resolution algorithm in VANETs

Based on the WiFi standard for inter-vehicle communication, IEEE 802.11p, two major communication stacks are currently being developed and undergoing standardization: the WAVE stack as the US American implementation, and ETSI ITS-G5 as European standard. Most notably, these standards will be used to exchange safety related information among vehicles, such as so-called Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAMs) in ITS-G5.

However, also other communication technologies might be feasible for inter-vehicle communication, e. g. for information less related to safety applications. Feasible technologies might include Bluetooth (LE), IEEE 802.15.4 ("Zigbee"), (Infrared) light, etc.

This seminar paper shall give an overview over the communication technologies being developed or yet envisioned for Vehicular (Ad-Hoc) Networks (VANETs). For each technology the characteristics, central mechanisms (protocols, important messages/message types, etc.), use cases, etc. shall be presented.

• A Survey of VANET Technologies
• Bluetooth low energy for inter-vehicular communications
• Bluetooth Low Energy performance and robustness analysis for Inter-Vehicular Communications

Since ad-hoc routing will not be feasible in many IVC scenarios, broadcast communication, or "beaconing", is heavily used, with information being re-broadcasted if necessary. In the extreme case, this results in network-wide flooding.

Re-broadcasting data in order to achieve multi-hop forwarding leads to the question which node should be used as a forwarder, which cannot be answered without additional information. Especially in heavy (road) traffic, this can lead to a heavy (network) traffic as well. Since cooperative awareness functions require frequent updates, each vehicle broadcasts with 10 Hz. If many vehicles are in transmission range, this will easily result in (both types of) traffic jam.

• Adaptive beaconing for delay-sensitive and congestion-aware traffic information systems
• Traffic information systems: efficient message dissemination via adaptive beaconing

In diesem Vortrag soll dargestellt werden, was für Daten über den Standard IEEE 802.11p übertragen werden, wie die Nachrichten aussehen, wie die Netzwerkarchitektur üblicherweise aussieht. Es soll erläutert werden, in welchem Umfang eigene Datenformate und Technologien wie DTN über 802.11p übertragen werden können und dürfen.

Many VANET approaches are designed for urban regions (cities) with high node density, fully connected networks, fixed infratructure (e.g. traffic lights), etc. However, waht about VANETs in rural areas? What are the challenges to enable VANETs for such sparse networks?

Über die Funkverbindung von Fahrzeugen wird es möglich, eine Positionsbestimmung unabhängig von GPS durchzuführen. Es soll untersucht werden, wie an einem VANET teilnehmende Fahrzeuge lokalisiert werden können und welche Aspekte des Straßenverkehrs, auch im Hinblick auf autonomes Fahren, durch diese Information verbessert werden können.