NMRG/EMANICS Workshop Position Statement Aiko Pras University of Twente In the next decade the main challenge in networking will be how to improve dependability of the IT infrastructure, including the services running on top of it. The issue will no longer be how to make under good weather conditions networks a few percent faster, but how to ensure, even in case of "bad weather" (DOS attacks, failing equipment) a predictable service on which users can rely. Dependability is a goal, however, and not a kind of mechanism that can easily be implemented. In this sense dependability is like security, performance and scalability, which are also goals. The mechanisms (protocols, algorithms etc.) needed to make an infrastructure dependable will vary from case to case. It is essential, however, that researchers start from real problems, as identified by real managers, and not from artificial problems that look well on paper but have little relationship with reality. Examples of real problems are: how to keep viruses outside, how to fight spam, how to immediately identify system components that do not perform well, how to find inconsistencies in my configuration etc.